Puritan Doctrine In 17th C. Li :: essays research papers

In seventeenth century America, the world was a frightening place. God could, and would, strike a humans down at any time for any missteps he might take. Nature was filled with horrors, like Indians, and the Devil resided in the forest, waiting to withdraw peoples souls. In the eighteenth century, however, the Enlightenment began. Man discovered that he could learn by following others example, or by observing nature, rather than looking entirely to the Bible for answers. People began to become concerned with their life here on the earth, rather than concerning themselves solely with the expectations of the afterlife. God stopped being thought of as a puppeteer, pulling the strings and controlling every movement, but as a clockmaker who had wound the world up and had then stepped back to watch. Benjamin Franklin and doubting Thomas Paine were two important figures in the Enlightenment. Although their philosophies differed on some matters, they both believed that the world was ther e to observe, not merely to act as a waiting agency for the afterlife. This was a dramatic change from the seventeenth century viewpoint. Franklin and Paines viewpoints differed sharply from those that were held to be true in the seventeenth century, and nowhere were these differences as apparent as they were in the areas of knowledge, nature, and religion. In regards to knowledge, the seventeenth century view was that knowledge was to gained through studying the Bible, and that the only purpose of gaining further knowledge would be to preserve the equity of ones own soul, or to help others in saving theirs. The Puritans interests in gaining or preserving knowledge were solely religious, and they also believed that any knowledge that man was to have could be found within the Bible. In The Autobiography (Part Two), Franklin writes that his main reason for setting up a subscription library was to give himself access to more(prenominal) books, and that the knowledge he gained would serve as his own personal Means of Improvement (575). According to the Puritans, if a person had a question, he or she needed only to search the scriptures for an answer. For example, when Anne Bradstreet was searching for an answer as to why her house, and all of her possessions contained therein, had burnt to the ground, she looked to scripture, and found solace in the idea everything she had, including her own life, was on conduct from God (278).